This review addresses the specific aspects of (i) sex differences and (ii) age-related declines in triathlon performance. Sex differences in performance will be presented and discussed for each of the three disciplines and total event times for different distances and for both elite and age-group triathletes. Age-related declines will be outlined by focusing on the performances of the best master triathletes because these athletes represent a unique model for studying the effects of high levels of physical training in older individuals.

Lepers et al. Sport Med (2013)